Most oscilloscopes are fitted with filters to help improve measurement by reducing overall noise in an acquisition to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Even the most basic oscilloscopes include an ...

If you are in any way connected with radio, you will have encountered the low pass filter as a means to remove unwanted harmonics from the output of your transmitters. It’s a network of capacitors and ...

Binary search, a decrease-and-conquer approach, plays an important role in testing today�s low-pass filters. When testing a low-pass filter, generally you have to use an arbitrary waveform generator ...

EMC engineers are often called on to design low-pass filters for client projects, which is usually required to meet radiated susceptibility tests. While the most common radiated-immunity standard (IEC ...

Lock-in amplifiers were invented in the 1930s [1, 2, 3] and commercialized [4] in the mid 20 th century as electrical instruments that are capable of extracting signal amplitudes and phases in ...