Refractometers are versatile in their design and use, and are able to provide results as refractive indices, or in other cases, as direct measurements of parameters such as soluble solids, sugar ...

We can also use wavelengths to calculate refractive index. By substituting \(v_{1}=f\lambda _{1}\) and \(v_{2}=f\lambda _{2}\) into \(n=\frac{v_{1}}{v_{2}}\) then ...

The Brix scale, derived from the refractive index of a solution at 20 degrees Celsius (68 Fahrenheit), is widely known. Originally, it was established by determining the weight percentage of sucrose ...

On-chip refractive-index monitors suit industrial process control and biodetection, as the UK company seeks commercialization partners. Winning venture capital (VC) funding is a major milestone for ...

The speed of light is determined by the medium (material) through which the light is travelling. Light travels faster in a vacuum than it does in any other medium. Light changes speed as it passes ...

The applications of spectroscopic ellipsometry for the precise characterization of liquid-liquid and liquid-air interfaces include surface science, biomedical applications, thin film coatings, and ...

We describe devices in which optics and fluidics are used synergistically to synthesize novel functionalities. Fluidic replacement or modification leads to reconfigurable optical systems, whereas the ...

New data on the properties of potential "liquid lenses" compiled by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) could help the semiconductor industry continue to shrink feature sizes on ...