Infectious agents comprise a vast and diverse group of pathogens—including bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, helminths, and prions—that are responsible for a wide spectrum of diseases. These agents ...

Laboratory biosafety practices are based on the principle of containment of biological agents to prevent exposure to laboratory workers and the outside environment. Primary containment protects the ...

The term modes of transmission refer to how an infectious agent, also called a pathogen, can be transferred from one person, object, or animal, to another. Viruses, bacteria, parasites, or fungi can ...

The tests available for evaluating mice and rats for infectious agents are diverse, and variables such as cost, sample requirements, and the potential for the test to detect the presence of or ...

Spatial disease ecology is emerging as a new field that requires the integration of complementary approaches to address how the distribution and movements of hosts and parasites may condition the ...